Final answer:
Both the assertion that progeny have traits of both parents and the reason stating that this is due to the process of inheritance are true. Inheritance is the key biological process through which traits are transferred from parents to offspring.
Step-by-step explanation:
The assertion that progeny produced have both the characters of parents is generally true, particularly when discussing sexually reproducing organisms. Offspring inherit a mix of traits from both of their parents, which is a result of the genetic combination during reproduction. However, it's important to note that not all traits from parents are always seen in the offspring due to the way genes can be dominant or recessive.
The reason given, that the process by which characters pass from parent to progeny being known as inheritance, is also true. Inheritance is a fundamental concept in biology that explains the transfer of genetic information from parents to their offspring, governing the traits and characteristics that are passed on.
The correct response to this question would be A.