Final answer:
The formation of cyclic structures in sugars with creation of an additional asymmetric center results from an alcohol reacting with an aldehyde or ketone. Therefore, the correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The formation of cyclic structures in sugars with creation of an additional asymmetric center results from an alcohol reacting with a(n):
b. aldehyde or ketone.
This conversion occurs because of the ability of aldehydes and ketones to react with alcohols. When the aldehydic group (or carbonyl carbon) in sugars react with an alcoholic group, it results in the formation of a hemiacetal, leading to the creation of an additional chiral center known as the anomeric carbon atom.