Final answer:
A mastoidectomy, which is option D, may require a postauricular incision. This incision is made behind the ear to access and remove infected parts of the mastoid bone. Other procedures mentioned do not typically require this type of incision.
Step-by-step explanation:
The procedure that may require a postauricular incision is D. mastoidectomy. A mastoidectomy is performed to remove infected air cells within the mastoid bone due to mastoiditis, cholesteatoma, or chronic otitis media, which are conditions that affect the temporal bone area situated behind the ear. This procedure is typically used when the disease is extensive or not responding to other treatments.
Myringotomy and tympanostomy are procedures that involve creating an opening in the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to drain fluid or insert a tube, respectively, and don't typically require a postauricular incision. An adenoidectomy is the surgical removal of the adenoids, which does not involve incisions near the ear.