Final answer:
Anemia of chronic disease is commonly associated with conditions causing chronic inflammation, neoplastic disorders, and specific diseases like cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, CKD, and endocarditis. It arises from decreased production or increased destruction of red blood cells related to these underlying conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anemia of Chronic Disease
Anemia of chronic disease is associated with a varied group of conditions that include chronic inflammation, neoplastic disorders, and specific chronic diseases. These underlying conditions can lead to decreased production of red blood cells or shortened red blood cell lifespan, which in turn leads to the development of anemia.
Common conditions associated with anemia of chronic disease include:
- Cancer - particularly types of cancer that affect bone marrow or lead to chronic blood loss.
- Chronic Inflammation - such as inflammatory bowel disease or prolonged infections.
- Rheumatoid Arthritis - a chronic autoimmune condition leading to systemic inflammation.
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - an autoimmune disease that can cause widespread inflammation and organ damage.
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) - often associated with decreased production of erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone essential for red blood cell production.
- Endocarditis - an infection of the heart's inner lining, which can cause chronic inflammation and blood loss.
Anemia in these situations can be due to a reduced efficacy of red blood cell production in the bone marrow, the body's increased demands for iron that cannot be met, or due to the red blood cells being destroyed or used up more quickly than they can be produced.