Question

A newly diagnosed client with hypertension is prescribed a thiazide diuretic. What client education should the nurse provide to this client?

a. "Eat a banana every day because this medication causes moderate hyperkalemia."
b. "Take over-the-counter potassium pills because this medication causes your kidneys to lose potassium."
c. "This medication can cause low blood pressure and dizziness, especially when you get up suddenly."
d. "This medication increases sodium levels in your blood, so cut down on your salt."

Answer 1

A client prescribed a thiazide diuretic for hypertension should be informed that the medication does not increase sodium levels but promotes their excretion along with water, helping to lower blood pressure. A balanced diet and regular blood pressure monitoring are recommended, and one should be alert for signs of electrolyte imbalances.

Step-by-step explanation:

When educating a client prescribed a thiazide diuretic for hypertension, it is important to explain that this medication helps lower blood pressure by increasing urine output and reducing fluid volume in the body. This is because thiazide diuretics inhibit the Na/ Cl symporter in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and collecting duct, resulting in decreased reabsorption of sodium and chloride, followed by the passive excretion of water by osmosis.

Therefore, contrary to the provided incorrect statement, this medication does not increase sodium levels; it actually facilitates their excretion. Clients should be advised to maintain a balanced diet, monitor their blood pressure regularly, and to avoid excessive salt intake as it can counteract the effects of the medication. Additionally, they should be aware of the potential for electrolyte imbalances and should contact their healthcare provider if they experience any signs of low electrolyte levels such as weakness, fatigue, or muscle cramps.