Final answer:
The government transfers title to private parties through a deed (B). A deed is a legal document that evidences the transfer of ownership of property, distinct from a patent which grants rights to inventions or escheat involving property reversion to the state.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct option : b
An explanation for this entails understanding the nature of the various options listed. A patent is a legal document that grants an inventor exclusive rights to an invention, thus acting as a government-enforced barrier to entry in a market. While option A, a patent, is indeed a document issued by the government, it is related to inventions and intellectual property, not the transfer of real property. A quitclaim is a type of deed that transfers any interest the grantor may have in the specified property, without any guarantee.
Escheat is a process where the state may acquire ownership of property if an individual dies without an heir or will, and is not a direct method of title transfer to private parties. Therefore, among the given choices, the usual legal instrument for transferring property is a deed, which is a document that evidences the transfer of ownership of real estate from one party to another and is filed with a public land records office.