Final answer:
The U.S. court case that distinguished between supervisor harassment that results in tangible employment actions and supervisor harassment that does not is Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth.
Step-by-step explanation:
The U.S. court ruling that distinguished between supervisor harassment that results in tangible employment action and supervisor harassment that does not is Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth. This Supreme Court ruling in 1998 clarified that employers can be held liable for supervisor harassment that leads to a tangible employment action, such as termination or demotion. However, if the harassment does not result in a tangible employment action, the employer can be held liable but may have an affirmative defense if they can prove they had implemented appropriate measures to prevent and address harassment.