Final answer:
The patient with white lesions in their mouth likely has oral candidiasis, also known as thrush. This condition, characterized by white patches, commonly affects individuals with immune system compromises, such as HIV patients. Other conditions listed differ in presentation and do not usually exhibit white lesions.
Correct option is D
Step-by-step explanation:
The patient in the photo likely has oral candidiasis, often referred to as thrush. Candidiasis is an opportunistic infection that can occur in immune-compromised individuals, such as those with HIV. It typically presents as white lesions in the mouth and throat, as described in the reference to Figure 21.3.2. Additionally, an overgrowth of Candida yeast in the mouth appears as white patches, supporting the diagnosis of oral candidiasis (referenced as thrush in Figure 24.13).
One important aspect to consider when diagnosing the condition is the appearance and structure of the tongue papillae. Different types of papillae, such as fungiform and filiform, cover the tongue and have distinct functions and characteristics. Fungiform papillae contain taste buds, whereas filiform papillae have touch receptors and create an abrasive surface aiding in food manipulation, which is unrelated to the appearance of white lesions caused by Candida.
Contrasting options, such as geographic tongue or median rhomboid glossitis, present with different patterns on the tongue and do not typically include the white lesions seen in candidiasis. A smooth tongue, would denote atrophy of the papillae rather than the presence of lesions.