Final answer:
The term 'Three-Fifths Compromise' is true in reference to the Constitutional Convention agreement which dealt with slave representation for taxation and legislative purposes. It stated that three-fifths of the slave population would count towards population totals for legislative representation and taxation, thus affecting both political and fiscal decisions in the new nation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'The Three-Fifths Compromise dealt with the issue of representation and taxation' is indeed true. The Three-Fifths Compromise was an agreement reached during the 1787 United States Constitutional Convention. This compromise was a pivotal element in American history that addressed how slaves would be counted when determining a state's total population for legislative representation and taxing purposes.
According to the compromise, three out of every five slaves would be counted as persons in calculating each state's representation in the House of Representatives and its tax obligations. This agreement was used to resolve the contentious issue between Northern and Southern states regarding how to account for enslaved individuals in the populations of Southern states, where slavery was prevalent.
It is a significant aspect of American history as it influenced the political landscape of the United States by providing Southern states with greater representation in Congress than if only free persons had been counted, without giving slaves any rights or benefits of citizenship. The Three-Fifths Compromise would later be rendered obsolete by the 13th amendment, which abolished slavery.