Final answer:
Authorization may not be required in situations like medical emergencies and preventive care.
Step-by-step explanation:
A) Medical emergencies
D) Preventive care
are situations where authorization may not be required prior to releasing patient health information (PHI). In medical emergencies, when it is necessary to provide immediate care and treatment, healthcare providers may need to access and share patient's medical information without prior authorization. Similarly, for preventive care, such as regular screenings or vaccinations, authorization may not be required as it is done for the purpose of promoting good health and preventing illnesses.