Final answer:
In cell notation, the cathode is located on the far right of the cell diagram, and it is where reduction happens. Electrodes and solutions are separated in the diagram by vertical lines, with the anode on the left and the salt bridge represented by a double vertical line.
Step-by-step explanation:
In cell notation, the cathode is represented on the far right side of the cell diagram. The cathode is the electrode where reduction occurs, which means that electrons are gained by the chemical species at this electrode. When constructing a galvanic cell diagram, the anode (oxidation occurs here) is written on the left side, followed by its solution, then a double vertical line representing the salt bridge, followed by the solution and the cathode on the right side.
For example, in a cell consisting of a copper anode and a silver cathode, the diagram is as follows: Cu(s) | Cu2+(aq) || Ag+(aq) | Ag(s). Here, the silver electrode (Ag) is the cathode. Similarly, for a galvanic cell with a chromium wire anode and a copper wire cathode, the cell notation would be Cr(s) | CrCl3(aq) || CuCl2(aq) | Cu(s), with Cu(s) signifying the cathode. The cell potential (Ecell) is determined using the reduction potentials of the two half-cells, calculated as Ecathode - Eanode.