Final answer:
A test case includes both the input data for a program and the expected outcomes once the program is executed, which is a true statement as these are essential for validating the functionality of a software application.
Step-by-step explanation:
A test case is indeed comprised of input data to a program and the expected outcomes from executing the program. This statement is true. A test case is a set of conditions under which a tester will determine whether an application, software system or one of its features is working as it was originally established for it to do. The formulation of test cases traditionally involves defining input data that will be used to test the software, and the expected results that are predetermined and should occur if the system functions correctly. Therefore, when the program is executed with these test cases, it is possible to see if the software is performing as intended or if there are any discrepancies in its behavior which might point out flaws or errors in the codebase.