Final answer:
The statement that fetal heart rate is a sensitive indicator of maternal blood volume status and fetal well-being is False; it reflects fetal distress and well-being but not directly maternal blood volume. Fetal circulation involves an umbilical vein and two arteries, with the vein carrying oxygen-rich and the arteries carrying oxygen-depleted blood. A fetus can produce urine, which is important for amniotic fluid levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that fetal heart rate is a sensitive indicator of maternal blood volume status and fetal well-being is False. While fetal heart rate can be an indicator of fetal distress and well-being, it is not directly indicative of maternal blood volume status. The fetal heart rate should be monitored during labor as it can indicate distress if there is a sustained decrease or increase, which can be caused by severe contractions preventing oxygenated blood from being restored to the fetus. This can lead to an emergency delivery via vacuum, forceps, or Caesarian section if necessary.
Fetal circulation involves one umbilical vein that carries oxygen-rich blood from the placenta to the fetal heart. However, it is the two umbilical arteries that carry oxygen-depleted blood from the fetus to the placenta, not to the fetal lungs as the fetal lungs are not yet in use. Thus, the notion that the umbilical arteries carry blood to the fetal lungs is incorrect.
Regarding fetal development, it is True that a fetus can produce urine, which is a crucial function for maintaining amniotic fluid levels. It is also false that the umbilical artery carries oxygenated blood to the fetus; the umbilical artery actually carries deoxygenated blood away from the fetus to the placenta.
Finally, systemic blood pressure must maintain a certain level to allow proper filtration, but the specific value of 'above 60' is not mentioned in the context of fetal health but in a more general medical context related to adult health.