Final answer:
Sanitization, neutralization, and solidification are chemical decontamination methods, involving the use of chemicals to control microbial growth or neutralize hazardous substances.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sanitization, neutralization, and solidification are methods of chemical decon. The correct answer to the question is (4) chemical.
Sanitization is a method that reduces the number of microorganisms to safe levels and is often achieved with the use of chemical disinfectants. Neutralization involves a chemical reaction that neutralizes harmful substances, commonly done to treat various wastewaters before they are released into the environment. Solidification involves adding materials to a liquid waste to transform it into a solid, more manageable form, often involving chemical reactions or absorptive processes.
These methods are utilized to control microbial growth or to handle hazardous substances, and they differ from physical methods like filtration or heat treatment, which physically remove or kill microbes without chemical reactions.