Final answer:
The procedures for riding a bicycle that should be included in the list are aligning the feet, lowering the heels, moving the ankles freely, bending and straightening the knees, and straightening the spine and back. These contribute to stability and balance during cycling, especially when turning.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the excerpt, which should be included in a list of the procedures for riding a bicycle, we can align the options given with the principles of maintaining stability and the biomechanics of cycling. When turning a bicycle, the cyclist must lean at the correct angle to ensure the force exerted by the ground acts through the center of gravity, which involves several bodily adjustments.
- Aligning the feet on the pedals correctly is important for balance and control.
- Lowering the heels can help apply pressure to the pedals for better stability and propulsion.
- Moving the ankles freely is essential for effective pedaling and adjusting to changes in terrain or speed.
- Bending and straightening the knees is part of the pedaling motion necessary for generating force.
- Straightening the spine and back can contribute to a better center of gravity and aerodynamics.
These procedures facilitate stability and control, which are critical when applying forces such as centripetal force and dealing with friction and vertical normal forces during a turn.