Final answer:
The best known post-1945 writer outside politics was William Faulkner, famous for his stream of consciousness writing in the modernist novels set in Yoknapatawpha County.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most renowned writer outside the field of politics, particularly among the post-World War II Southern authors, was William Faulkner, who was instrumental during the Southern Literary Renaissance. Faulkner was celebrated for his intricate narratives and profound psychological insights within his creations, as exemplified in his stream of consciousness writing, which can be seen in his modernist novels such as The Sound and the Fury, Absalom, Absalom! and As I Lay Dying. Faulkner's work was anchored in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County, which contributed to his legacy by winning both the Nobel and Pulitzer Prizes for Fiction. Another notable writer who gained international acclaim for his minimalist literary style was Ernest Hemingway. Known for his adventurous lifestyle and stark prose, Hemingway's influence on contemporary writing was recognized by a Pulitzer Prize for The Old Man and the Sea and later, a Nobel Prize in Literature.
Addressing the broader scope of literature and recognition, the formation of what works get to feature prominently in the cultural and educational Canon often depends on factors beyond artistic merit, such as societal values, cultural acceptance, as well as the author's fame and connections. This leads to important contributors like Dorothy Wordsworth and James Hogg being overshadowed by figures like William Wordsworth. Such dynamics highlight the complex interplay between quality and fame in establishing a literary legacy.