Final answer:
Black nurses, doctors, and funeral home directors were needed due to systemic racism and discrimination in the healthcare system. The establishment of black hospitals and medical schools played a crucial role in providing healthcare services and training black medical professionals.
Step-by-step explanation:
There was a need for black nurses, doctors, and funeral home directors due to systemic racism and discrimination in the healthcare system. Black individuals faced barriers in accessing healthcare, including limitations on where they could receive medical treatment and racial discrimination from white physicians. The establishment of black hospitals and medical schools played a crucial role in providing healthcare services to the black community and training black medical professionals. However, black hospitals faced financial challenges, staffing shortages, and limited access to funding and resources.