The data demonstrates the law of conservation of energy by showing the total energy before and after a chemical reaction remains the same, indicating energy's transformation from chemical to thermal form.
The data in the table demonstrates the law of conservation of energy because it shows that energy can be converted from one form to another, but the total amount of energy remains constant in a closed system. In the given chemical reaction, the chemical energy decreases from 1400 kJ to 1000 kJ, which indicates that 400 kJ of energy has been released or transformed. This energy has not vanished; instead, it appears as an increase in thermal energy from 100 kJ to 500 kJ. Therefore, if we sum up the chemical and thermal energy before and after the reaction, we find that it remains unchanged:
- Before the reaction: 1400 kJ (chemical) + 100 kJ (thermal) = 1500 kJ (total)
- After the reaction: 1000 kJ (chemical) + 500 kJ (thermal) = 1500 kJ (total)
The correct statement from the options provided would thus be B. The total energy before the reaction is equal to the total amount of energy after the reaction. The law of conservation of energy is upheld because the total energy remains the same, even though it has been redistributed between chemical and thermal forms.