Final answer:
A solving name of an entity like 'God' involves the fundamental principle defining that entity. Anselm defined God as 'a being than which nothing greater can be conceived,' reflecting the highest concept of a deity. Various philosophical and theological approaches may alter this conception to address challenges like the problem of evil.
Step-by-step explanation:
The solving name of an entity refers to the name of the principle that defines or governs the existence of that entity. When discussing the solving name of 'God,' we reference the underlying principle or nature of God. St. Anselm's ontological argument is pertinent here, which defines God as "a being than which nothing greater can be conceived." This captures our intrinsic understanding of God as the absolute greatest conceivable being.
In philosophical discussions, particularly when addressing the nature of God or solving theological problems like the problem of evil, thinkers have offered various interpretations and modifications to the traditional conception of a deity. For example, Process Theology redefines God's properties, presenting a being that is not omnipotent, omniscient, or wholly good to reconcile divine characteristics with the existence of evil in the world. In contrast, traditional religions often present a clear, unchanging conception of God, with attributes like supremeness, omnipotence, omnibenevolence, and omniscience. The challenge is reconciling this conception of God with the complexities of the world, such as the existence of evil, without resorting to circular reasoning or contradictory beliefs.
Ultimately, the solving name of 'God' invites a deeper reflection on the principles we use to understand and articulate the divine, which may diverge significantly among different philosophical and theological traditions.