Question

Does that mean that the periost forms the articular capsule in joints and there is no periost beneath the articular cartilage? Or is there additional periost beneath the articular cartilage?

Answer 1

The periosteum does not form the articular capsule in joints. There is no periosteum beneath the articular cartilage. Instead, there is a synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid to lubricate and nourish the joint.

Step-by-step explanation:

The periosteum covers the entire outer surface of bone, except where the epiphyses meet other bones to form joints. In this region, the epiphyses are covered with articular cartilage, which is a thin layer of cartilage that reduces friction and acts as a shock absorber.

Beneath the articular cartilage, there is no additional periosteum. Instead, there is a synovial membrane that lines the inner surface of the articular capsule in joints. This membrane secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and nourishes the articular cartilage.