Question

We know the results, add water to ice. Ice melts and water cools. How do we PROVE that it is 100% Hot to Cold? The molecules in a hot object are moving faster and will facilitate the transfer of heat to the colder medium. BUT, its molecules are also moving. How do we PROVE it is 100% in one direction and Not 95%/5% or some other ratio until equilibrium is achieved?

Answer 1

Heat transfer from a hot object to a cold object is 100% in one direction because the molecules in the hot object are moving faster and facilitate the transfer of heat to the colder medium. This process is observed when ice melts and the temperature of the water does not increase until all the ice has melted. The second law of thermodynamics also confirms that heat cannot transfer spontaneously from a colder object to a hotter object.

Step-by-step explanation:

The process of heat transferring from a hotter object to a colder object is known as heat transfer. In this case, when ice melts and water cools, the molecules in the hot object are moving faster than the molecules in the cold object. This movement allows for the transfer of heat from the hot object to the cold object.

To prove that heat transfer is 100% from hot to cold, we can observe that when heat is added to ice, the ice melts and the temperature of the water does not rise until all the ice has melted. This is because all the energy goes into the melting process and not into increasing the temperature of the water.

Additionally, the second law of thermodynamics states that heat cannot spontaneously transfer from a colder object to a hotter object. This further supports the fact that heat transfer is always from hot to cold.