Final answer:
Autoantibodies are antibodies that incorrectly identify self components as foreign, which can lead to autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for antibodies that inappropriately mark self components as foreign is autoantibodies. Such antibodies are part of the autoimmune response, where the immune system mistakenly targets and attacks the body's own tissues. This can occur in various autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, where a broad autoantibody response against the individual's own DNA and proteins results in multiple systemic disorders.