Final answer:
Cold sores are caused by a viral infection, specifically the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). This virus remains in the body in a latent state and can reactivate, causing new cold sores. HSV-1 is highly contagious and can be transmitted even without visible sores.
Step-by-step explanation:
Causes of Cold Sores
Cold sores are associated with a viral infection, specifically caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Once the virus has entered your body, it remains there indefinitely, residing in a latent state within nerve cells. The herpes simplex virus can cause visible symptoms such as cold sores or fever blisters around the lips, and even when lesions are not present, the virus can be spread through direct contact. The virus may become active again and cause new cold sores to appear, often triggered by factors such as stress or changes in environmental conditions.
Understanding HSV-1 and Transmission
The Herpes simplex virus type 1 is highly contagious and can be contracted through kissing, sharing cosmetics, or food with someone who's infected. HSV-1 can also manifest as acute herpetic gingivostomatitis, which affects the mouth and gums. Genital herpes, commonly caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), can also be caused by HSV-1 through oral-genital contact. It is important to note that genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease (STD), and its transmission includes contact with infected lesions or secretions.