Final answer:
The goal of the Hindu caste system was spiritual liberation or moksha, not social equality. Individuals were expected to live according to their dharma and accumulate positive karma to eventually escape the cycle of rebirth.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ultimate goal of the Hindu caste system was not to attain social equality, but rather spiritual liberation known as moksha. This liberation was achieved by adhering to one's dharma (moral duty) in accordance with their caste responsibilities. The caste system, tied closely to Hindu religious beliefs, advocated for living a life that adheres to the laws of karma and dharma, which, over many lifetimes, could result in the soul's release from the cycle of rebirth and attainment of ultimate peace.
Moreover, the caste system was closely connected to one's occupation and societal role, with the expectation that people would work within the occupations deemed appropriate for their caste. The system was also associated with the maintenance of social order and supported by cultural values that embraced fate and destiny. While it did ensure a degree of social structure, it did not facilitate social mobility within a single lifetime, essentially locking individuals into their social status from birth.