Final answer:
Zinc (Zn) has the electron configuration of 1s²2s²2p⁶6s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d², which corresponds to the atomic number 30. Correct option is b.
Step-by-step explanation:
The atom with the electron configuration 1s²2s²2p⁶6s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d² is Zinc (Zn). Zinc has an atomic number of 30, which corresponds to the given configuration.
In assigning electrons to the orbitals according to the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, and the Pauli exclusion principle, zinc's electrons completely fill the 4s orbital before starting to fill the 3d orbital, resulting in the complete 3d¹⁰ subshell. It is after the 4p orbital is completely filled that Zinc has the next two electrons in the 5s orbital, giving it the unique electron configuration represented.