Main Answer
When a 0.800-kg iron cylinder at a temperature of 1.00×103°C is dropped into an insulated chest of 1.00 kg of ice at its melting point, the final temperature is -0.6°C, and 0.18 kg of ice has melted.The option C is corect.
Explanation:
When two objects with different temperatures are brought into contact, they eventually reach a common temperature called the equilibrium temperature.
This process is called thermal equilibrium. In this problem, we have an iron cylinder at a very high temperature of 1.00×103°C being dropped into an insulated chest filled with ice at its melting point of 0°C.
The initial and final masses of the iron cylinder and the ice are known, and we want to find the final temperature and the amount of ice that has melted during the process.
To find the final temperature, we can use the formula for the conservation of energy, which states that the total internal energy of a system remains constant during a process if no heat is added or removed from the system.
In this case, the total internal energy of the system is equal to the sum of the internal energies of the iron cylinder and the ice at their respective initial temperatures. When they come into contact, they exchange heat until they reach a common final temperature.The option C is corect.