Final answer:
To pass the G2 checkpoint, a cell must have accurately and completely replicated its DNA, have a sufficient stockpile of nucleotides, and have accumulated the necessary proteins for mitosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The G2 checkpoint is a critical control mechanism in the cell cycle that ensures cells are ready to enter mitosis. For a cell to successfully pass the G2 checkpoint, specific conditions must be met including:
- Accurate and complete DNA replication, ensuring that the DNA made during the S phase is undamaged or that any damage has been properly repaired.
- A sufficient stockpile of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA, ensuring there are enough resources for repair and function.
- The accumulation of proteins necessary for mitosis, such as tubulins for microtubule formation and nuclear proteins for condensing chromatin.
These requirements ensure that the cell is fully prepared for the complex process of mitosis, helping to prevent genomic instability and the transmission of DNA errors to daughter cells.