Final answer:
John experienced visual adaptation in a photography dark room as his eyes adjusted to the darkness. This is a form of sensory adaptation where the photoreceptors in the eyes convert light stimuli into electrical signals for the brain to interpret, which over time adjust to constant lighting conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
When John entered a photography dark room and his vision adjusted to the low-light conditions, he experienced visual adaptation. This is a process where the photoreceptors in the eyes adjust to changes in lighting, allowing a person to see in a range of light conditions. The prolonged exposure to the darkness results in increased sensitivity of the rods, the receptors in our eyes responsible for our vision in low-light conditions. This is a form of sensory adaptation which involves the eyes' sensory receptors adjusting to the constant stimuli of the dark environment to allow for perception in different lighting.
In the context of sensory adaptation, all types of senses undergo sensory transduction by converting a stimulus into an electrical signal via the peripheral nervous system. Sensory receptors such as touch receptors, light receptors, and sound receptors are specific to the types of stimuli they sense. For vision, when the light stimulus is constant, as in the case of John being in the dark room, the visual system no longer perceives the stimulus, hence the visual adaptation.