Question

Which theories of motivation are characterized as process perspectives?

A) Hierarchy of needs theory
B) Goal-setting theory
C) Equity theory
D) Expectancy theory

Answer 1

Goal-setting theory, equity theory, and expectancy theory are the theories of motivation characterized as process perspectives.

Step-by-step explanation:

The theories of motivation that are characterized as process perspectives are goal-setting theory, equity theory, and expectancy theory. These theories focus on the cognitive processes involved in motivating behavior and highlight the importance of goal setting, fairness, and expectations of success in driving motivation. For example, goal-setting theory proposes that setting specific, challenging goals can increase motivation and performance.