Final answer:
The correct answer is d) Immediacy. Immediacy is not one of the rules used in McDowell's theory of behavior dynamics. McDowell's theory focuses on reinforcement, punishment, and extinction as the main principles that shape behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is d) Immediacy. Immediacy is not one of the rules used in McDowell's theory of behavior dynamics. McDowell's theory focuses on reinforcement, punishment, and extinction as the main principles that shape behavior. Reinforcement refers to the use of rewards to increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring again. Punishment refers to the use of negative consequences to decrease the likelihood of a behavior happening again. Extinction, on the other hand, involves the gradual reduction and eventual disappearance of a behavior due to the lack of reinforcement.