Final answer:
Effective study monitoring according to ICH E6 involves verifying that investigators follow the protocol, ensuring subjects are fully informed, and obtaining informed consent for participation in the study.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to ICH E6, one purpose of effective study monitoring is to verify that investigators follow the protocol. This means that researchers ensure that they are conducting the study according to the approved guidelines and procedures. They must also verify that subjects are fully informed and that informed consent is obtained, which includes explaining the risks and benefits of participation in the study.