Final answer:
A Stateful Inspection Firewall is designed to inspect incoming data packets to ensure they match an outgoing request by maintaining context about active sessions for enhanced security.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of firewall that inspects incoming data packets to make sure they correspond to an outgoing request is referred to as a Stateful Inspection Firewall. Unlike simple packet filtering firewalls, which only look at the header of a packet, a stateful firewall maintains context about active sessions and can implement various levels of security checks based on the state and context of the packet traffic.
A Stateful Inspection Firewall dynamically monitors all active connections and determines whether a particular packet is part of an established session. This allows the firewall to make more informed decisions about which packets to allow or deny compared to stateless packet filtering, which lacks this ability.