Question

Select the correct statement about equilibrium.

1. Due to dynamic equilibrium, movement can be perceived if rotation of the body continues at a constant rate.
2. Cristae respond to angular acceleration and deceleration.
3. Hair cells involved in both static and dynamic equilibrium hyperpolarize only, resulting in an increased rate of impulse transmission.
4. The weight of the endolymph contained within the semicircular canals against the maculae is responsible for static equilibrium.

Answer 1

The true statement about equilibrium is that cristae respond to angular acceleration and deceleration, as detected by specialized hair cells in the semicircular canals of the inner ear.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct statement about equilibrium is that cristae respond to angular acceleration and deceleration. This is because the semicircular canals in the inner ear contain fluids and specialized hair cells that detect rotational movements like falling forward or turning the head. Changes in the movement cause the fluid to shift, bending stereocilia attached to hair cells, and sending signals to the brain. It's essential to understand that the movement sensed is change in velocity (accelerating or decelerating), not constant movement at a specific speed.