Final answer:
Egypt and Mesopotamia had significant differences in their administrative and warfare institutions. Egypt had a centralized bureaucratic system and was protected by its geography, while Mesopotamia had a military force of chariot warriors and lacked a unified administrative system until later.
Step-by-step explanation:
Egypt and Mesopotamia had several significant differences in their institutions. One major difference was in their administrative systems. In ancient Egypt, there was a centralized bureaucratic system established by the kings of the early dynasties. This system may have been influenced by the redistributive economic system of ancient Sumer. On the other hand, Mesopotamia did not have a unified administrative system until the rise of Sargon.
Another significant difference was in the aspect of warfare. Mesopotamia had a military force of elite warriors who were trained to fight from horse-drawn chariots. In contrast, Egypt was protected by its geography, with deserts surrounding the Nile River valley, making it difficult for invaders to cross.
Overall, the differences in administrative and warfare institutions between Egypt and Mesopotamia highlight distinct characteristics of each civilization.