Question

The Sumerians were the first to develop ____, and mathematics to aid their ____. Sumerians used a mixed counting system based partly on ____ and partly on ____ (animals by 10, grain by 60). The Sumerians were also the first to create a ____ based on astronomical observations, and they created astrological charts and forecasts.

a) Calculus, construction, base-10, base-60, celestial calendar
b) Geometry, commerce, base-12, base-6, lunar calendar
c) Algebra, agriculture, base-8, base-50, solar calendar
d) Trigonometry, navigation, base-5, base-70, seasonal calendar

Answer 1

The Sumerians pioneered geometry for commerce, used a counting system based on base-10 and base-60, and created a lunar calendar.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct answer to the question is:

b) Geometry, commerce, base-12, base-60, lunar calendar

The Sumerians were indeed the first to develop geometry and mathematics to aid their commercial activities. They used a mixed counting system based partly on base-12 (for example, in measurements of time) and partly on base-60 (for example, in measuring angles and time, as well as in their numerical system). The mention of a lunar calendar aligns with their use of astronomy for timekeeping.