Final answer:
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus were populist reformers who were killed for challenging the Senate's power and attempting to implement widespread social and economic reforms.
Step-by-step explanation:
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus were populist reformers who took significant actions to address the economic and social disparities in the late Roman Republic. The brothers aimed to redistribute public lands to landless Romans and implement other reforms, including offering citizenship to Rome's Italian subjects, to reduce the power of the wealthy elites. They incurred the wrath of the senatorial class for challenging entrenched interests and violating Roman political traditions, which led to their deaths—Tiberius was beaten to death by a group of senators, and Gaius committed self-murder (or was perhaps killed) amidst a similar conflict.