Final answer:
No, a 14-inch telescope does not have a lower diffraction limit than larger professional telescopes. The diffraction limit improves with increasing diameter, making larger telescopes better at resolving small details.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to whether a 14-inch telescope has a lower diffraction limit than larger professional telescopes. The answer is b. No. In theory, the diffraction limit, which is the minimum angular resolution that a telescope can achieve, is inversely proportional to the diameter of the telescope's primary mirror. Thus, larger telescopes typically have a lower (better) diffraction limit and can resolve smaller details.
An amateur astronomer interested in details as small as 1.00 m on a Jovian Moon would require an unreasonably large telescope of approximately 549 km in diameter due to the diffraction effects dictated by the wavelength of light. The resolution of the Hubble Telescope, which is an exceptionally advanced telescope, is not as good as such a hypothetical construct, mainly due to its size and also practical limitations such as mirror aberrations and the influence of Earth's atmosphere. To surmise, the assumption that a 14-inch telescope would outperform professional telescopes in terms of diffraction limit is not in line with the principles of physics regarding telescopic resolution.