Final answer:
The Flushing Remonstrance of 1657 concerned freedom of religion, defending the rights of Quakers in New Netherland and prefiguring the First Amendment's religious freedoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 1657 petition known as the Flushing Remonstrance concerned freedom of religion. This historic document is significant because it protested against the persecution of Quakers and argued for religious freedom in New Netherland. It exemplified the early struggle for religious liberties in what would eventually become the United States and foreshadowed the rights that were later enshrined in the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which prohibits restrictions on the free exercise of religion and the government from establishing a religion, among other rights related to freedoms of speech, press, assembly, and petition.