Final answer:
The statement is true; President Eisenhower federalized the Arkansas National Guard and sent the 101st Airborne Division to protect the Little Rock Nine during their integration of Central High School in 1957.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that President Eisenhower placed the Arkansas National Guard under federal control and ordered troops into Little Rock to protect African American students trying to desegregate the school is True. In 1957, during the Little Rock Integration Crisis, Governor Orval Faubus had initially deployed the National Guard to prevent nine African American students, known as the Little Rock Nine, from entering Central High School. President Eisenhower intervened decisively by federalizing the National Guard and dispatching the 101st Airborne Division to ensure the students could safely attend the school. This action marked a significant moment in enforcing federal civil rights laws during the struggle for school desegregation.