Final answer:
Craig likely describes Bismarck’s foreign policy as characterized by Realpolitik, focused on pragmatism, strength, and strategic alliances to unify Germany and expand Prussian power without ideological constraints.
Step-by-step explanation:
Craig likely describes Bismarck's foreign policy as one of pragmatic Realpolitik. Otto von Bismarck, the chancellor responsible for unifying Germany, focused on strengthening Prussia's power rather than adhering to ideological goals. His approach was marked by practicality and shrewd political maneuvers, including warfare, strategic alliances, and diplomatic cunning. Bismarck's policies led to decisive victories over Denmark, Austria, and France, resulting in territorial gains and the exclusion of Austria from German affairs, which paved the way for the formation of a unified Germany under Prussian leadership.
One of Bismarck’s notable decisions, reflecting his Realpolitik philosophy, was to avoid the conquest of Austria, recognizing that this could lead to future problems for Prussia. Instead, he aimed to neutralize Austria's influence over German states. Bismarck also manipulated nationalist sentiments, despite his personal skepticism, to garner support for Prussian wars and further his objectives. His tactics expanded Germany's power in Europe, while also establishing a series of treaties and alliances designed to protect this newfound status.