Final answer:
Tinea capitis, also known as scalp ringworm, is a fungal infection caused by dermatophytes that results in a scaly, itchy scalp and possible hair loss. It is related to other tineas such as tinea corporis (body ringworm) and tinea pedis (athlete's foot). Treatment includes antifungal medications, and good hygiene is key for prevention.
Step-by-step explanation:
Tinea Capitis (Scalp Ringworm)
Tinea capitis, commonly referred to as scalp ringworm, is a fungal infection of the scalp. It is part of a larger group of fungal infections known as tineas, which affect different parts of the body. Tinea capitis is caused by dermatophytes—fungal molds from the genera Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, and Microsporum. These fungi thrive on keratin, a protein found in skin, hair, and nails. Symptoms typically include a scaly, itchy scalp and hair loss. The infection can spread through direct contact or by sharing contaminated hats, combs, or pillows. The same group of fungi also causes other tineas such as tinea corporis (ringworm of the body), tinea pedis (athlete's foot), and tinea barbae (barber’s itch). Tinea corporis presents as a red, ring-shaped rash on the body, whereas tinea pedis affects the skin between the toes. Due to its communicable nature, treatment for tinea capitis often includes antifungal medications, and because the fungi are present in the environment, practicing good hygiene is essential for prevention.