Final answer:
Infectious mononucleosis, commonly caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, is a widely spread mild infection characterized by symptoms like fever and fatigue and is transmitted through saliva.
Step-by-step explanation:
The infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is commonly known as infectious mononucleosis, which is a widespread condition that most individuals are exposed to during childhood. Infectious mononucleosis tends to present as a mild infection characterized by symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and sore throat. EBV can reside dormant in B lymphocytes for an extended period and, aside from mononucleosis, it's associated with more serious conditions like Burkitt lymphoma. The virus is transmitted primarily through saliva, which is why mononucleosis is often referred to as the 'kissing disease.'
It is important to identify this virus infection correctly, as it can have implications for individuals' health status and requires proper management. Diagnostic tools include serological tests that can detect the presence of specific antibodies against EBV in the blood, indicating past or current infection.