Final answer:
Organogenesis in vertebrates includes the formation of the neural plate from neuroectodermal tissues of the ectoderm, leading to the development of the CNS. The somites, formed from mesoderm adjacent to the neural tube, differentiate into vertebral bodies, skeletal muscles, and dermis. The proper signaling by molecular growth factors is critical for the correct differentiation of these tissues.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the process of organogenesis in vertebrates, the ectoderm gives rise to the neural system, starting with the differentiation of neuroectodermal tissues. These tissues thicken into the neural plate, which is crucial for the development of the central nervous system (CNS). Following the neurulation process, the neural plate forms the neural tube, which later differentiates into the brain and spinal cord. Surrounding mesodermal tissues will form the somites, leading to the formation of the vertebral bodies as well as skeletal muscle and the dermis.
Molecular signals and growth factors are essential in guiding these cells during differentiation. If disrupted, differentiation could proceed abnormally, causing the entire ectoderm to become neural tissue. This intricate process is fundamental in the development of the embryonic nervous system, including both central and peripheral components.