Final answer:
The duty log is the correct type of log used by the Petty Officer of the Watch to communicate pertinent information to each watchstander. It provides a transfer of knowledge and continuity between different watch shifts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct type of log used by the Petty Officer of the Watch to pass pertinent information along to each watch stander is the duty log. A duty log serves as the official record of the events that occur during a watch shift. Information recorded can include the arrival and departure of personnel, safety checks, incidents, and any changes to the watch schedule.
The duty log is critical for maintaining continuity across different watch shifts, ensuring that each succeeding watch stander is aware of ongoing situations and tasks that may require attention. It also provides a paper trail that can be useful for both routine checks and in investigations following incidents. Other types of logs, such as communication logs, watch logs, and informational logs, have their specific uses but the question specifies the log type for sharing information among watchstanders.