Final answer:
Nicotine replacement therapy, such as patches and gum, is one method of smoking cessation, but it is not the only one available. Nicotine is highly addictive, and its use is linked to serious health risks. Besides nicotine replacement, there are non-nicotine medications and behavioral therapies that aid in quitting smoking.
Step-by-step explanation:
While various forms of nicotine replacement therapy such as nicotine patches and gum are widely recognized as smoking cessation aids, it's essential to note that these are not the only medications approved for use in helping individuals quit smoking. In fact, other non-nicotine medications have also been approved for this purpose. Nicotine replacement therapy provides the body with a controlled amount of nicotine, which can help reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings associated with quitting smoking. Despite this, studies show that approximately 90% of people who use nicotine replacement therapy resume smoking within a year.
The primary component of tobacco products, nicotine, is known for its addictive properties, exerting its influence through the stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. This effect results in an increase in dopaminergic neuron activity in the midbrain reward system and a decrease in monoamine oxidase expression. Nicotine addiction can lead to severe health risks, such as cardiovascular diseases and various types of cancer, due to its impact on acetylcholine receptors involved in motor neuron functions and central nervous system arousal.
To combat nicotine dependency, other smoking cessation techniques and medications, in addition to nicotine replacement, are used to assist individuals who decide to quit smoking. These include prescription non-nicotine medications, behavioral therapies, and support programs designed to manage addiction and withdrawal symptoms effectively.