Final answer:
The removal of tissue and fat from the abdomen for breast reconstruction is known as the transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap, which utilizes the rectus abdominis muscle along with other abdominal muscles like the transversus abdominis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process described in the question, involving the removal of tissue and fat from the abdomen and transferring it to reconstruct the breast, is known as the transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap. The TRAM flap procedure makes use of the rectus abdominis muscle, which is a part of the anterior abdominal muscles. These muscles include the deep muscle known as the transversus abdominis, which is arranged transversely around the abdomen like the front of a belt on a pair of pants, and aids in various movements and rotations of the trunk.