Final answer:
Perioperative hyperglycemia in a patient with DM is associated with increased blood glucose levels for an extended period, leading to infections and delayed wound healing. Insulin therapy, excessive insulin antagonists, renal dysfunction, and nervous glycosuria can also cause hyperglycemia.
Step-by-step explanation:
Perioperative hyperglycemia is associated with a patient having Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Increased blood glucose levels for an extended period can lead to various infections as microorganisms can grow easily. It can also cause delayed wound healing and post-surgical recovery due to excessive microorganism growth. During insulin therapy, hypoglycemia can occur if the insulin dose is higher than required. Other causes of hyperglycemia include the detection of excessive insulin antagonists and renal dysfunction. Nervous glycosuria, observed in persons following anesthesia, can also contribute to hyperglycemia.