Final answer:
Medications like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are contraindicated for patients on monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), as the combination can cause severe serotonin syndrome. MAOIs, such as phenelzine and tranylcypromine, inhibit the breakdown of neurotransmitters but are rarely used due to their significant side effects and interactions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The drug that is contraindicated for a patient receiving a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) includes any medication or substance that can lead to dangerous interactions, such as a hypertensive crisis. Examples of MAOIs include iproniazid, phenelzine (Nardil), isocarboxazid (Marplan), tranylcypromine (Parnate), selegiline (Emsam), and moclobemide (Aurorix/Manerix). One significant contraindication is the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or substances that increase serotonin transmission, as these can cause serotonin syndrome when combined with MAOIs.
MAOIs work by inhibiting monoamine oxidase, preventing the breakdown of neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and serotonin. These drugs have a range of side effects and can have potentially fatal food and drug interactions; therefore, their usage has become limited. MAOIs can cause side effects including low blood pressure, and they require careful monitoring of diet and other medications to avoid adverse reactions. Due to these risks, they are infrequently prescribed, often only when other antidepressants such as tricyclics are ineffective.