Final answer:
The challenge of representation in the national legislature related to the numerical count of slaves is correctly attributed to the Articles of Confederation and addressed in the U.S. Constitution through the Three-Fifths Compromise, allowing slaves to count as three-fifths of a person for representation purposes.
Step-by-step explanation:
c. Representation in the national legislature, "Articles of Confederation. This demonstrates the key challenge posed concerning the count of enslaved populations for purposes of representation but not for taxation, which was addressed primarily in the United States Constitution rather than the Articles of Confederation or the Declaration of Independence.
The question of how to count enslaved people in determining states' representation in the national legislature was one of the most contentious issues at the Constitutional Convention. The resulting Three-Fifths Compromise recognized slaves as three-fifths of a person for representation purposes. This arrangement gave disproportionate power to slaveholding states without providing full recognition or rights to the enslaved people. It is a historical example showing the complexity of creating a unified, representative government system in a country that was deeply divided over the issue of slavery.
This compromise can be found in Article I, Section 2 of the United States Constitution and directly addresses the problem of granting additional representation to slaveholding states in the House of Representatives. The issue revolved around whether the enslaved population would be counted when determining a state's total population and subsequently, its number of representatives and taxes owed.