Final answer:
The student's question relates to Social Studies and deals with themes of moral reasoning and cognitive biases, emphasizing the inconsistency in moral judgments between oneself and others.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question involves a scenario where a child, Michael, justifies his own behavior while condemning the same behavior in his brother, David. This reflects a common theme in moral development, specifically looking at ethical standards and consistency in judging others versus oneself.
Michael's actions and his justification demonstrate a potential inconsistency in moral reasoning or a cognitive bias known as self-serving bias. This is a concept frequently explored in psychology, a field falling within the scope of Social Studies, particularly at the middle school level where foundational principles of right and wrong are often discussed and critiqued.
Ethics, moral development, and cognitive biases are crucial concepts that this question touches upon. The study of these topics helps students understand the complexities of human behavior and judgment, as well as fostering empathy and critical thinking regarding one's actions and the actions of others.